Wednesday, December 29, 2010

Organism

Rubus Berry Plants

Organism


Organism ~ Rubus Berry Plants
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Rubus Berry Plants

Rubus Berry Plants

Organism

Organizational terminology


All Organism are classified by the science of alpha taxonomy into either taxa or clades.

Taxa are ranked groups of organisms, which run from the general (Domain) to the specific (Species). A broad scheme of ranks in hierarchical order is:

1. Life

2. Domain

3. Kingdom

4. Phylum

5. Class

6. Order

7. Family

8. Genus

9. Species

To give an example, Homo sapiens is the Latin binomial equating to modern humans. All members of the species sapiens are, at least in theory, genetically able to interbreed. Several species may belong to a genus, but the members of different species within a genus are unable to interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Homo, however, only has one surviving species (sapiens), Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensis, etc. having become extinct thousands of years ago. Several genera belong to the same family and so on up the hierarchy. Eventually, the relevant kingdom (Animalia, in the case of humans) is placed into one of the three domains depending upon certain genetic and structural characteristics.

All living organisms known to science are given classification by this system such that the species within a particular Family are more closely related and genetically similar than the species within a particular Phylum.


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